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Posted 14 Feb 2025

2 min read

About Hybrid Warfare

  • It combines conventional and unconventional methods, including military operations, cyber warfare, disinformation campaigns, and economic pressure. 
    • Example: China’s three warfare strategy including psychological, political and legal tactics, etc. 

Key Characteristics of Hybrid Warfare

  • Obscurity: Makes it hard to identify the war threshold. 
  • Vagueness: It complicates attribution and response as the target country is not able to either detect a hybrid attack or not able to attribute it to a state. 

Key reasons for their emergence

  • Strategic Advantage: Helps achieve political or economic objectives without any declaration of war keeping the possibility of diplomatic negotiations open.
  • Less Costly: It evades direct responsibility, and is logistically and economically less complex. 

Threats of Hybrid Warfare to India

  • External Threats: Pakistan’s support for proxy forces, terrorist organisations and drug cartels threatening India’s security. 
  • Internal Insurgencies: Naxalism in Central India, Ethnic conflicts in Northeast, etc. 
  • Threat to Critical National Infrastructure: E.g. Cyberattacks on the Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant. 

Ways to tackle Hybrid Warfare

  • Integrate Hybrid warfare into defence strategies: Overcoming natural disadvantages and leveraging India’s strengths. 
  • Building resilience of armed personnels: To handle advanced technologies. 

Key Measures taken to tackle Hybrid Warfare in India

  • Military Integration: Through Chief of Defence Staff (CDS). 
  • Tackling Cyber Threats: Operationalizing a Defence Cyber Agency. 
  • Defence indigenization: Through 'Make in India' initiatives, etc. 
  • Tags :
  • Hybrid Warfare
  • Strategic Advantage
  • Military Integration
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