Role of Technology in Disaster Management & Risk Reduction (DMRR) | Current Affairs | Vision IAS
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Role of Technology in Disaster Management & Risk Reduction (DMRR)

Posted 06 Aug 2024

Updated 07 Aug 2024

2 min read

Recently, advancement in geospatial technology based on AI, Machine Learning(ML) and Internet of things (IoT) have been widely used in DMRR.

Use of Technologies in DMRR

  • Disaster prediction and early warning systems: Remote sensing, ML, GIS or drones can be used to collect and process data. AI is used for disaster modeling, usually through deep learning. E.g. Google Disaster Alerts
  • Event simulation: Objective is to prepare and train people. Key technologies for event simulation are Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR). E.g. Mobile Learning Hub Philippines.
  • Disaster detection: Social media platforms as an important source of information and means of communication during disasters. E.g. Earthquake detection through X(Formerly twitter)
  • Search and rescue: Identify people in critical need through satellite imagery or social media posts. Use of drones for Delivery of Medical Supplies and Aid etc.
  • Emergency communication: AI powered chatbots can be powerful tools for managing and communicating with public during disasters. E.g Covid-19 chatbots launched by WHO 

Challenges in use of Technology

Digital Divide, Biased AI, High implementation costs, & Security breaches.

Steps taken: 

  • Forecasting of Natural Disasters by ISRO: E.g.  Flood Early Warning System in Assam
  • INSAT-3D satellite: Will aid search and rescue needs
  • GEMINI device: Developed by INCOIS for disaster warnings to fishermen in ocean.
  • SATARK web based Platform: By Odisha State Disaster Mitigation Authority 
  • Connecting Business initiative (CBi): Joint initiative of UNDP and United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)
  • Tags :
  • Technology in Disaster
  • GEMINI
  • OCHA
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