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Posted 03 Apr 2024

2 min read

  • The response came after China renamed 30 places in AP which it calls  ‘South Tibet’. 

 

  •  India-China Border Disputes
    • Line of Actual Control (LAC) is the dividing line between the two nations.
      • However, border between India and China is not formally demarcated and there is no mutually agreed LAC. 
      • India considers the LAC to be 3,488 km long, while the Chinese consider it to be only around 2,000 km. 

 

  • LAC is divided into three sectors:
    • Western Sector (Ladakh): India considers the Johnson Line (of 1865) as the border whereas China claims the McDonald Line (of 1899) as the true border.
    • Middle sector (Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand)Largely undisputed area.
    • Eastern Sector (Arunachal Pradesh and Sikkim): China claims the state of Arunachal Pradesh as part of the Tibetan Autonomous Region (TAR).
      • LAC in this region is along the McMahon line drawn during the Simla Convention of 1914 (between British India, China, and Tibet).
        • In 1949 when Communists took power in China, they pulled out of various international agreements claiming them to be unequal.

 

  • Key dispute resolution Initiatives include
    • 1993 Agreement on Maintenance of Peace and Tranquility along the LAC.
    • 1996 Agreement on Confidence-Building Measures in the Military Field Along the LAC
    • 2013 Border Defense Cooperation Agreement.
  • Tags :
  • India-China Border Dispute
  • Johnson Line
  • McDonald Line
  • McMahon line
  • Simla Convention of 1914
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